自我省察。“內(nèi)省”是儒家所主張的一種道德修養(yǎng)方式。儒家認(rèn)為，道德的養(yǎng)成固然需要言行符合外在的道德規(guī)范，但在根本上取決于內(nèi)在道德意識(shí)的確立。因此，在關(guān)注人的言行舉止的同時(shí)，儒家更重視內(nèi)心的修養(yǎng)，主張通過(guò)不斷省察自己真實(shí)的用心，確立并持守內(nèi)在的道德意識(shí)。

This term, neixing, means introspection, or self-examination. Introspection was a form of moral cultivation advocated by the Confucians. They felt that while moral cultivation certainly required words and deeds to adhere externally to moral standards, it was fundamentally dependent on the internal formation of moral awareness. Hence, while they were concerned with people's words and deeds, they placed even more emphasis on cultivation of the inner self. They favored constant examination of one's true intentions, as well as the formation and observance of internal moral awareness.

引例 Citation：

◎子曰：“內(nèi)省不疚，夫何憂(yōu)何懼？”（《論語(yǔ)·顏淵》）

孔子說(shuō)：“自我省察而沒(méi)有愧疚之處，有什么可擔(dān)憂(yōu)畏懼的呢？”

Confucius said, "If I examine myself and find no fault, what is there for me to fear?" (The Analects)

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供稿：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué) 外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社

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