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不爭奪，不爭斗。個人對外物過度的欲求，會導(dǎo)致彼此之間的爭奪。而無序的紛爭則會造成道德的淪喪和社會秩序的混亂。因此，儒家和道家都主張“不爭”。儒家主張一方面按照禮的規(guī)則，有差等地安頓并節(jié)制人的欲望；另一方面則通過道德教化，引導(dǎo)人們自省其過而不責(zé)備于人，由此實現(xiàn)“不爭”。道家則主張通過君主的無為，以輔助百姓處于“不爭”的狀態(tài)。在道家思想中，“不爭”有時特指道對待萬物、為政者對待百姓的一種態(tài)度：道不與萬物爭，君主不與百姓爭。
This refers to not contending for personal interest, power and other things and not involving in various infighting or strife. Excessive desire for material gains and power leads to contention, strife or even violence. Uncontrolled contention results in the decline of public morals and breakdown of social order. This is why both Confucianism and Daoism believe in no contention. Confucianism maintains that rules of rites should be observed to restrain people's desire. People should be guided by moral education, and they should think about how to behave properly rather than shift blame to others. Thus, a state of no contention can be reached. Daoism maintains that one in power should not interfere in the lives of people so as to encourage them not to engage in contention. According to Daoism, the term "not engaging in contention" sometimes refers to the attitude of Dao towards everything in the world and that of one in power towards the common people. Dao does not favor contention with anything, so a king should not contend with the people.
引例 Citations：
◎子云：“善則稱人，過則稱己，則民不爭?！保ā抖Y記·坊記》）
孔子說：“做得好則稱道他人，有過錯則省察自己，則民眾不爭斗?！?/p>
Confucius said, "If we think about others when we are successful and criticize our own shortcomings, people will not contend with each other." (The Book of Rites)
◎夫唯不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。（《老子·二十二章》）
正因為不爭，所以天下沒有能夠與之相抗?fàn)幍摹?/p>
If one does not engage in contention, no others in the world can contend with him. (Laozi)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
